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The deleterious situation of the pool structure

Incorporating a rooftop pool requires an extra level of co-ordinated effort between design and construction teams.

Early co-ordination is essential for a safe and functional rooftop pool

By Patrick St. Louis, LEED GA, Lauren Millman, PhD, PE, and Ken R. Maschke, PE, SE, P.Eng., LEED AP

Once a luxury amenity, the residential high-rise pool is now as essential as indoor plumbing.

It has become increasingly common to locate a pool structure on top of an occupied space, such as a rooftop or garage. However, if not properly curated, this lavish and esthetically pleasing setting can come with long-term fiscal and physical liabilities.

Pool chemicals and chlorides create a harsh environment for the pool structure. Unintentional seepage of highly chlorinated water can accelerate corrosion of the embedded steel reinforcement. Typically, this results in pit (or localized) corrosion.

When pit corrosion occurs, repairs are costly and can indefinitely restrict use of the pool. The movement of water through the concrete structures could also lead to efflorescence and staining of building finishes and vehicles parked below. Therefore, project teams must be strategic in their design, construction, and maintenance to ensure success and minimize the risks.

Design and construction teams

The integration of an amenity pool should not affect the roof’s primary function, which is to ensure the structural integrity and watertightness of the space below.

Watertightness, or waterproofing, is not limited to the installation of flashing or liquid-applied products. It is a systematic approach involving multiple players.

Collaboration between design professionals and contractors during the early planning phase can address the unique challenges with rooftop pools and ensure the execution of a successful product.

Rust spots, efflorescence, and cracks are present on this pool wall. Images courtesy Thornton Tomasetti, Inc.

Since it is rare for a single professional to have complete knowledge of all aspects of design and construction, it is crucial to consult with engineers, architects, contractors, subcontractors, and specialists to build a structurally sound, watertight, visually appealing, and fully functional rooftop pool.

The plumbing contractor and designer can ensure the correct layout for the drainage system to minimize water ponding and moisture intrusion into the structure below. Water intrusion can originate from a variety of systemic breakdowns, such as improper waterproofing, leaks from pipe connections, and other unsealed separations in penetrating components. They will also confirm the pool’s shell is designed and constructed for watertightness.

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