When venting heaters, it is important to maintain proper clearances from combustible surfaces which are, in most cases, 152 mm (6 in.) on the sides and top of the heater. When considering requirements with respect to how far a heater can be vented or how far ductwork can run to pull intake air, it should be noted each 90-degree elbow reduces the maximum horizontal polyvinyl chloride (PVC) air intake duct run by 3.6 m (12 ft). Each 45-degree elbow reduces the maximum run by 1.8 m (6 ft). These are critical notes when it comes to proper heater installation and efficiencies.
The minimum requirements for air supply specify the room in which a heater is installed to be equipped with two permanent air supply openings: one within 305 mm (12 in.) of the ceiling; and the other within 305 mm (12 in.) of the floor for combustion air. This installation procedure is in accordance with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z223.1, National Fuel Gas code, CSA B149.1, Natural Gas and Propane Installation Codes, as applicable, and any local codes that may apply. These openings shall directly, or through a duct, connect to outdoor air.
For indoor installations, the heater is tested for a direct air intake duct using 102 mm (4 in.) PVC pipe. Exhaust vent pipes must not be combined to a common exhaust vent in multiple unit installations. Separate vent pipes must be installed. In the past, venting and air intakes had to be balanced and be the same length; however, this is not the case for newer heaters, as they draw combustible air from outside the structure and flue gasses are forced out.
The colour of the heater’s flame is a good indication of whether or not the unit is receiving enough combustible air to function properly. A good flame burns blue and clear, which is a sign that it is burning 100 per cent of the gas. If the flame is not getting enough air, it becomes orange and releases carbon, which turns to soot and clogs the heat exchangers.
Smaller size, easier installation
| How pool heaters work |
|---|
| The pump draws water from the pool and circulates it through the filter and into the heater.
The heater’s combustion chamber ignites the gas, heating copper tubes arranged above the burner tray. As the water passes through, heat from the copper tubes is conducted to the water, increasing the temperature. The water then returns to the pool and re-circulates for consistent heating. This simple process provides quick, controlled heat. |
Heaters have also become smaller and more lightweight and, as a result, a unit can be installed by one person. This also enables a team of service technicians to be more profitable as more jobs can be completed. In the past, two technicians were always required as heaters were much larger and heavier.
Smaller units also take up less space which provides more room for venting (for indoor installations), while those installed outdoors are more esthetically pleasing because of their compact size and lower profile.
Recognizing what it means for a pool heater to be ‘efficient’ and knowing why a unit has become inefficient are the first steps to understanding the benefits of upgrading a pool with a new green heater. These units will not only lower a facility’s operating costs immediately, but will also provide additional benefits to the facility and the technicians who service the pool.
Mike Fowler is the commercial marketing/sales manager for Pentair Commercial Aquatics in Sanford, N.C. He has been with Pentair since 1992, starting his career in the technical services department at Purex Pool Products. Fowler has held many managerial roles within the company, including marketing, account management, and product management. He can be reached via e-mail at mike.fowler@pentair.com.
